espace demographie 3 bis

This comparison had been extended to different countries by Larry Long and to European international comparisons in a study for the Council of Europe made by Philip Rees and Marek Kupiszievki. It is also useful to study other kinds of parcelling of the territory e.g. into urban areas. The study of international migration is more complex and introduces in a more important way the effect of population policies and many other phenomena. Migration and population genetics The models of population genetics, introducing migration, made important strides with the research work of Gustave Malecot. Even though he used mainly kinship coefficients, I introduced stochastic models with migration acting continuously through time. These models show that gene frequencies tend to a limit at equilibrium. These have been recently studied by Jarle Tufto et al., in the reverse direction, to estimate a migration matrix of spatial distribution from gene frequencies. Their model is sufficiently general to be applied to any population, human, animal or plant. Migration and intercourse networks The study of human intercourse networks replaces the individual not only in a geographical but also in a social space. Surveys I undertook permitted the analysis of such group behaviours. These groups live in a concrete space, rural or urban. Thus, in place of a classical sample, representative of the national population, I choose to consider the population of different small communities. This enabled me to put in evidence the complete networks that take place in them. We can then compare their spatial distribution with that of migrations in the same community. This work has been extended by Michel Forsé and Alain Degenne, with the use of graph theory, which permits a better analysis of these networks. This gives a new methodology to analyse the spread of a disease, the diffusion of innovation, the research of a situation, the homogamy of marriages, individual migrations, etc. Non linear projection models with migration Classical projection models lead to stable or stationary populations while using outmigration rates, depending only on the population of departure. However many studies show that migration between two areas depends on the population of departure as on the population of destination. The use of indices of migration intensity leads to non-linear projection models, of a totally different kind than the previous ones. These projections do not lead to stable populations, but to populations with cyclical or even chaotic variation, though perfectly deterministic.These models that lead to unstable solutions, pose an important problem in social sciences, which different researchers studied carefully: Noël Bonneuil, Nico Keilman, Didier Blanchet, Gustav Feichtinger, etc A comprehensive view of mobility Bringing together these different approaches, synthetic works had been done that put and try to answer the whole problems of definition, measurement and analysis of spatial mobility in all its features. They had been resumed in a number of more general manuals from Ronald Skeldon, Henri Leridon and Laurent Toulemon, Michel Dupâquier, etc.

From a first outline to the finished works
Oils Paintings
Watercolour
Murals
Drawings
Covers of book
Personal greting cards
Stage sets
Artistic Biography
Introduction of space into demography
From the study of groups to the study of individual event histories
A contextual and multilevel analysis
CV Scientific
National acknowledgement
International acknowledgement
Propagating new methods
Introduction
Paradigms and axioms
Methodology
Validity of hypotheses
causality
Other themes
Books
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Refereed articles
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Video